The History of Computers

Uninformed researchers of computer history wouldthe time.
probably note the first computer in the mid 1930's. InIn 1947, the first modern programmable computers
reality, this history dates nearly 2000 years ago withwere designed. They contained RAM (Random
the invention of the abacus where the userAccess Memory) and made it possible to access
programmed beads using formulated constructs.information in seconds. This technology continued to be
Although many historians caution against the use oftested and improved into the 1950's when magnetic
the word computer except to define 20th centurycore memory and a transistor circuit element were
computers, a broader understanding illuminates andiscovered. These increased the memory capacity
instrument designed by a Frenchman and whichand functionality of the computers. On the down side
functioned as a calculator and was designed for a taxthe cost to operate these machines was astronomical.
collector in the 1600's. Improvements to this calculatorBy nearly sheer determination alone, these devices
continued through the 19th century.evolved into amazing machines able to work with a
Similar work was underway in England and with thenumber of programs simultaneously while giving the
support of the government a mechanical calculatorimpression that only one program was in use.
was invented. It was powered by steam andAs recently as the 1960's computers were more
supported a fixed program for its use. This calculatoravailable and the price had become nearly reasonable
went through many changes until an automaticfor businesses. Their use however, was confined
calculator was invented. Following this flurry ofmostly to mathematically based operations such as
discovery and invention, little changed until the earlybilling, accounting, and payroll. One of the major
1900`s when detailed mechanical and transportationpurchasers of these devices was hospitals which
work required complex mathematical calculationsstored date from patients, inventory, billing, treatments,
(especially calculus).and the like.
Two Census Bureau workers began to look for aBy the 1980's smaller individual computers were being
means of accurately calculating information. Theyproduced. Technology continued to astound the
conceived the idea of a punch card which would begeneral public as the microchip came into existence
inserted into the computer, read, and stored. Thepermitting personal computers to be sold with
greatest advantage of these still slow movingaccompanying program disks for downloading. A
machines was the ability to store large amounts ofglance around most medium to large companies would
information with ease and accuracy.reveal many desk top computers in use.
The early 1940's and the imminent World War, broughtIt would be impossible to track the history of
the military into the computer era. New weaponscomputers without acknowledging Apple Computer
requiring computer technology for effectiveness, wereand IBM for their leading edge and evolving technology.
needed, designed and produced. These were largeRadio Shack coupled with Apple Computer
floor model machines and utilized the floor space of an(computador) produced video games for the computer
average one family home (about 2,000 square feet).(a move from the arcade).
One independent computer (computador) was notThe ability for businesses and individuals to access the
adequate and a means was found to link computersworldwide web gave birth to new and innovative
which produced a more accurate and clear channel ofmarketing and communication with inquirers and/or
information. These devices were not onlyclients. Today it is inconceivable that one attempt to
cumbersome but they required rewiring andresearch something on line and not find multiple
rechanneling for each program. Greater inventionsreferences there. The momentum has only continued
were in progress. These new computersto mount and new upgrades are available nearly by
(computador) would be equipped with memorythe day.
capacity and worker faster than any in existence at